Freezing Panes:

• Open Your Excel Worksheet:

  • Open the Excel workbook containing the sheet you want to freeze panes on.

• Select the Cell Where You Want to Freeze Panes:

  • Click on the cell below the row and to the right of the column that you want to be the upper-left corner of the frozen area. For example, if you want to freeze rows 1 and columns A and B, click on cell C2.

• Freeze Panes:

  • Go to the "View" tab in the Excel ribbon.

• Freeze Top Row or First Column:

  • In the "Window" group, you'll find the "Freeze Panes" button.

  • To freeze the top row, click on "Freeze Top Row."

  • To freeze the first column, click on "Freeze First Column."

• Freeze Both Rows and Columns:

  • If you want to freeze both rows and columns, click on the cell that is just below and to the right of the rows and columns you want to freeze.

  • Then, click on "Freeze Panes."

• Unfreeze Panes:

  • If you want to remove the frozen panes, go to the "View" tab, click on "Freeze Panes," and select "Unfreeze Panes."

Protecting a Sheet:

• Open Your Excel Worksheet:

  • Open the Excel workbook containing the sheet you want to protect.

• Select the Sheet to Protect:

  • Click on the sheet tab at the bottom of the Excel window to select the sheet you want to protect.

• Protect the Sheet:

  • Go to the "Review" tab in the Excel ribbon.

• Protect Sheet Dialog Box:

  • In the "Changes" group, click on "Protect Sheet." This will open the "Protect Sheet" dialog box.

• Set Protection Options:

  • In the dialog box, you can set various protection options:

    • Enter a password if you want to restrict access to the sheet. This is optional.

    • Choose the actions you want to allow or disallow for the protected sheet, such as formatting cells, inserting or deleting rows and columns, or selecting locked cells.

• Protect the Sheet:

  • Click "OK" in the "Protect Sheet" dialog box.

• Enter Password (Optional):

  • If you set a password, you'll be prompted to confirm it. Enter the password and click "OK."

• Confirm Protection:

  • Your sheet is now protected. You can't make changes to cells with locked formatting or formulas, depending on your settings.

• Unprotect the Sheet:

  • To unprotect the sheet, go to the "Review" tab, click on "Unprotect Sheet," and enter the password if you set one.